Elderberry the country people’s medicine chest

The common or black elder, Sambucus nigra, also known as elderberry and European elder, is a large shrub or small tree, reaching a height and spread of 18 feet (6m). As it’s difficult to get rid of once established, make sure you will be happy a plant of this size in the position you select before you go ahead and plant it. It is not related to Ground Elder or Guelder rose (sometimes called Water Elder).

Elderberry and elderflower wines were once favorites with maiden aunts, but not often seen these days. Elderberry cordial is still seen occasionally, and has a reputation for health-giving properties, though the high sugar content probably mitigates that to a large extent. The flowers can also be used to make fritters.

Raw berries and leaves of the elder are poisonous if eaten.

Sometimes called “the medicine chest of country people”, elder is a popular herbal remedy with a long pedigree. Both flowers and fruit have anti-inflammatory properties, and can be used to reduce fever, and as a diuretic. The leaves have antiseptic properties.

A standard infusion can be made from flowers and fruit together and used as a remedy for colds and flu, sinusitis and fever. Rheumatism can be treated with a standard infusion made from the fruits only. An infusion of elder bark is used as a treatment for arthritis and constipation. Use a standard infusion made from leaves and bark as a wash for minor burns and chilblains. An infusion of flowers can be used in the same way for minor wounds and skin inflammation, and as a mouthwash for mouth ulcers.

All these infusions are made by adding a handful of dried ingredient or 3 handfuls of fresh to 570ml (1.5 US cups, 1 UK pint) of boiling water and allowing to stand for at least 10 minutes up to 4 hours. Strain before use.

As with all herbal remedies, elder should be grown organically so as to avoid the corruption or elimination of its properties by foreign chemicals. To find out more about growing organic elder visit the Gardenzone.

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